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Posts published in “IP”

5 Incredible Ping command Examples

By Bob on July 26, 2022

Today we will explore the Ping command. First, we will explain its definition and how you can use it. Finally, we will discover the five most popular Ping commands. Let’s start.

Definition of the Ping command

One of the built-in network diagnostic commands in your operating system is the Ping command (Windows, Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, etc.). Ping is used to test connectivity between your device and the target, which can be an IP address like 188.114.97.7 or a hostname like google.com.

By default, Ping uses the ICMP protocol to send the target four messages, each containing 32 bytes (Internet control message protocol).

Brief History of Ping command

How can you use it?

You can use the command on Windows devices in one of two ways: through the Command Prompt or using Windows PowerShell.

And if you are using Linux or macOS Operating systems, you may use it through the Terminal application.

5 examples of Ping command

  • The basic Ping command allows you to check your connectivity and the capability of the computer you are testing. As a result, on Linux or macOS, you will constantly hear a ping. Use the Ctrl-C combo to stop it. If there are no problems, you will get four replies and statistics for Windows.

ping example.com

  • On Windows, you should add the extra option “-t” for continuous ping. Fill in the following:

ping -t example.com

  • For a specific quantity of inquiries. You are allowed to make a custom number of queries on macOS and Linux and more than four requests on Windows.

For Linux and Mac

ping –c 8 example.com

in Windows

ping –n 8 example.com

  • The space in between pings. You can calculate the time in seconds between requests.

Linux/macOS

ping -i 20 1.2.3.4

  • Waiting period. It can be set to stop the ping command on macOS/Linux in seconds.

ping –w 50 example.com

Conclusion

So, the Ping command is a fundamental tool for network device testing. It is available on almost every OS and functions nearly identically on each one. ICMP packets should be sent, and the duration of the echo-response should be timed. Simple and ideal.

Dynamic DNS – Common ways to use it

By Bob on January 27, 2022

For many people, using a Dynamic DNS could be really advantageous. Put simply, this DNS service is a method for automatically refreshing new IP addresses. We’ll look at what Dynamic DNS is and how it works in more detail in this article.

Dynamic DNS – What does it mean? 

Dynamic DNS, also known as DDNS, is a very useful service that allows us to keep the DNS constantly updated, with the correct IP address, even when the Internet Protocol is changing. Commonly, these kinds of resources include a Web server, a Web camera, or a computer for remote control operation.

The Domain Name System (DNS), as we already know, is a user-friendly and simple-to-use system for associating domains with their IP addresses. Unfortunately, these Internet Protocols are running out on a daily basis. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are attempting to avoid this scarcity by utilizing dynamic DNS in particular. DDNS automatically logs changes from dynamic IP addresses. This ensures that domains remain connected to the appropriate Internet Protocols.

How does it work?

Most often, to take advantage of a dynamic DNS, you need to look for a provider. Then when you find it, you need to install their software on the host computer or on the router. When the IP addresses provided by the ISP are changed, this software connects with the DDNS service provider. As a result, the dynamic DNS provider updates the A record or AAAA record to reflect the changes, resulting in near-instantaneous updates.

In addition, a dynamic DNS service is incompatible with networks that use static IP addresses. This is because the domain name does not need to be asked again after the IP address is given the first time. The reason is straightforward: static IP addresses do not change.

Why do you need to benefit from Dynamic DNS? 

There are many advantages. Some of which are as follows:

  1. It keeps you online. It will reduce downtime by automatically updating A record or AAAA record. As a result, the gadgets or services will continue to be accessible via the Internet.
  2. Incredibly simple. It only has to be set up once – for example, IP cameras for surveillance. You’ll need to configure your router’s Dynamic DNS service by heading to settings and entering the user and password.
  3. Static IPs are more expensive. If you have multiple devices, it will be far more cost-effective to pay for only one DDNS service. It could be costly to pay for each static IP address.

Conclusion

We can conclude that it is a long and complex explanation for a very simple service that keeps millions of people connected to their devices all over the world. Remember that the DDNS method is useful in the case of dynamic IP addresses. The Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS) is a very helpful technology that can save you a lot of time and money. It may be the only logical solution to a problem in some cases.

What happened with IPv5?

By Bob on May 11, 2021

Like the normal world, the Internet also has its happy moments, scandals, and mysteries. Daily, computers on the whole planet use IPv4, IPv6 protocols to do their job. But have you thought, where is the IPv5? It’s not a rule, but usually, versions of different things are used consecutively. You can also use previous versions of software instead of recent ones. But here, there is a miss between 4 and 6. What happened with IPv5?

What is an Internet protocol (IP)?

IP is a suite of rules through which connection between devices and the Internet is possible. Those rules determine the routes for data to travel around (host-destination-host). In this process, IP addresses play a key role in identifying every device connected.

Let’s dive a bit into history. At the end of the 1960s, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) began linking computers across U.S. buildings. Such a network was ambitious and required some tech to be developed, software and hardware. An Internet protocol was part of those needs. So the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) was created for data to travel safely and much more. It was a host-level, end-to-end packaging and routing protocol. Too much to be handled. The developers realized it, so those functions were split, and IP got only packaging and routing tasks.

Three versions of TCP had been created. The fourth was called IPv4. You should know how it looks like a string of numbers between 0 and 254, grouped in 4 teams. Example, 230.114.10.32. IPv4 utilized 32-bit address space, what provided 4,294,967,296 (232) unique addresses.

Officially, the IPv4 standard was created in 1982. Its available addresses (over four billion) were over in 2011. It’s not hard to believe. IP addresses can be finished, but daily, connected devices to the Internet are more. Every user on the planet connects more than just one device. When even after reusing IPs, they are not enough to identify more devices, a new standard arrives on the scene.

IPv5 creation

Originally, IPv5 was called Internet Stream Protocol or ST. It was planned as an ambitious experiment for streaming audio and video. An attractive capability for the transfer of data packets on determined frequencies while keeping communication.

Each address’s structure was four groups of numbers between 0 and 255 this time. 

Unfortunately, problems showed up. The design of IPv5 focused on the development of new features, but the 32-bit limitation was not overcome. IPv5 provided the same 4,294,967,296 (232) unique addresses supplied before by IPv4. Considering the daily growth of connected devices, this was a big problem. There was not evolution between versions.

The successful launching of IPv5 fall apart. It was not accepted as the next Internet protocol. IPv6 inherited the promising features of IPv5, and it gave the base for the voice-over IP tech that currently all the world use for communicating.

This happened late in the 1970’s decade. IPv6 would be created more than twenty years later. In 1998, IPv6 was born with 128-bit to provide around 340 trillion trillion trillion unique IP addresses (2128). IPs were built not in four groups of numbers but eight groups four hexadecimal digits. Every group, separated by colons, represented 16 bits. Example:

2002:0db6:85a2:0000:0000:5e2a:7003:4351.

Conclusion

IPv5’s mystery solved! Now you know what happened.

IP addresses won’t stop being required. Users’ demand for the Internet is bigger every single day. A connection is reaching even the most isolated locations, therefore more humans. And the amount of devices every person owns and connects is hard to calculate already. There is still a lot to see in the future when it is about IP.